- commonly used characters
- HTML ISO-8859-1 Reference
- ISO-8859-1
- Reserved Characters in HTML
- ISO 8859-1 Symbols
- ISO 8859-1 Characters
- Math Symbols Supported by HTML
commonly used characters
Character | Entity Number | Entity Name | Description |
---|---|---|---|
  | | non-breaking space | |
" | " | " | quotation mark |
' | ' | ' (does not work in IE) | apostrophe |
& | & | & | ampersand |
∞ | ì | ∞ | infinity, a.k.a. lemniscate |
< | < | < | less-than |
> | > | > | greater-than |
from "http://www.w3schools.com/tags/ref_entities.asp" but for some reason, it won't allow a direct link.
see also: http://codex.wordpress.org/Fun_Character_Entities
Modern browsers supports several character-sets:
- ASCII character set
- Standard ISO character sets
- Mathematical symbols, Greek letters, and other symbols
ISO-8859-1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . (back to top)
ISO-8859-1 is the default character set in most browsers.
The first 128 characters of ISO-8859-1 is the original ASCII character-set (the numbers from 0-9, the uppercase and lowercase English alphabet, and some special characters).
The higher part of ISO-8859-1 (codes from 160-255) contains the characters used in Western European countries and some commonly used special characters.
Entities are used to implement reserved characters or to express characters that cannot easily be entered with the keyboard.
Reserved Characters in HTML . . . . . . . . . . . . . (back to top)
Some characters are reserved in HTML and XHTML. For example, you cannot use the greater than or less than signs within your text because the browser could mistake them for markup.
HTML and XHTML processors must support the five special characters listed in the table below:
Character | Entity Number | Entity Name | Description |
---|---|---|---|
" | " | " | quotation mark |
' | ' | ' (does not work in IE) | apostrophe |
& | & | & | ampersand |
< | < | < | less-than |
> | > | > | greater-than |
Note: Entity names are case sensitive!
ISO 8859-1 Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . (back to top)
Character | Entity Number | Entity Name | Description |
---|---|---|---|
  | | non-breaking space | |
¡ | ¡ | ¡ | inverted exclamation mark |
¢ | ¢ | ¢ | cent |
£ | £ | £ | pound |
¤ | ¤ | ¤ | currency |
¥ | ¥ | ¥ | yen |
¦ | ¦ | ¦ | broken vertical bar |
§ | § | § | section |
¨ | ¨ | ¨ | spacing diaeresis |
© | © | © | copyright |
ª | ª | ª | feminine ordinal indicator |
« | « | « | angle quotation mark (left) |
¬ | ¬ | ¬ | negation |
| ­ | ­ | soft hyphen |
® | ® | ® | registered trademark |
¯ | ¯ | ¯ | spacing macron |
° | ° | ° | degree |
± | ± | ± | plus-or-minus |
² | ² | ² | superscript 2 |
³ | ³ | ³ | superscript 3 |
´ | ´ | ´ | spacing acute |
µ | µ | µ | micro |
¶ | ¶ | ¶ | paragraph |
• | · | · | middle dot |
¸ | ¸ | ¸ | spacing cedilla |
¹ | ¹ | ¹ | superscript 1 |
º | º | º | masculine ordinal indicator |
» | » | » | angle quotation mark (right) |
¼ | ¼ | ¼ | fraction 1/4 |
½ | ½ | ½ | fraction 1/2 |
¾ | ¾ | ¾ | fraction 3/4 |
¿ | ¿ | ¿ | inverted question mark |
× | × | × | multiplication |
÷ | ÷ | ÷ | division |
Character | Entity Number | Entity Name | Description |
---|---|---|---|
À | À | À | capital a, grave accent |
Á | Á | Á | capital a, acute accent |
 |  |  | capital a, circumflex accent |
à | à | à | capital a, tilde |
Ä | Ä | Ä | capital a, umlaut mark |
Å | Å | Å | capital a, ring |
Æ | Æ | Æ | capital ae |
Ç | Ç | Ç | capital c, cedilla |
È | È | È | capital e, grave accent |
É | É | É | capital e, acute accent |
Ê | Ê | Ê | capital e, circumflex accent |
Ë | Ë | Ë | capital e, umlaut mark |
Ì | Ì | Ì | capital i, grave accent |
Í | Í | Í | capital i, acute accent |
Î | Î | Î | capital i, circumflex accent |
Ï | Ï | Ï | capital i, umlaut mark |
Ð | Ð | Ð | capital eth, Icelandic |
Ñ | Ñ | Ñ | capital n, tilde |
Ò | Ò | Ò | capital o, grave accent |
Ó | Ó | Ó | capital o, acute accent |
Ô | Ô | Ô | capital o, circumflex accent |
Õ | Õ | Õ | capital o, tilde |
Ö | Ö | Ö | capital o, umlaut mark |
Ø | Ø | Ø | capital o, slash |
Ù | Ù | Ù | capital u, grave accent |
Ú | Ú | Ú | capital u, acute accent |
Û | Û | Û | capital u, circumflex accent |
Ü | Ü | Ü | capital u, umlaut mark |
Ý | Ý | Ý | capital y, acute accent |
Þ | Þ | Þ | capital THORN, Icelandic |
ß | ß | ß | small sharp s, German |
à | à | à | small a, grave accent |
á | á | á | small a, acute accent |
â | â | â | small a, circumflex accent |
ã | ã | ã | small a, tilde |
ä | ä | ä | small a, umlaut mark |
å | å | å | small a, ring |
æ | æ | æ | small ae |
ç | ç | ç | small c, cedilla |
è | è | è | small e, grave accent |
é | é | é | small e, acute accent |
ê | ê | ê | small e, circumflex accent |
ë | ë | ë | small e, umlaut mark |
ì | ì | ì | small i, grave accent |
í | í | í | small i, acute accent |
î | î | î | small i, circumflex accent |
ï | ï | ï | small i, umlaut mark |
ð | ð | ð | small eth, Icelandic |
ñ | ñ | ñ | small n, tilde |
ò | ò | ò | small o, grave accent |
ó | ó | ó | small o, acute accent |
ô | ô | ô | small o, circumflex accent |
õ | õ | õ | small o, tilde |
ö | ö | ö | small o, umlaut mark |
ø | ø | ø | small o, slash |
ù | ù | ù | small u, grave accent |
ú | ú | ú | small u, acute accent |
û | û | û | small u, circumflex accent |
ü | ü | ü | small u, umlaut mark |
ý | ý | ý | small y, acute accent |
þ | þ | þ | small thorn, Icelandic |
ÿ | ÿ | ÿ | small y, umlaut mark |
Math Symbols Supported by HTML
Character | Entity Number | Entity Name | Description |
---|---|---|---|
∀ | ∀ | ∀ | for all |
∂ | ∂ | ∂ | part |
∃ | ∃ | ∃ | exists |
∅ | ∅ | ∅ | empty |
∇ | ∇ | ∇ | nabla |
∈ | ∈ | ∈ | isin |
∉ | ∉ | ∉ | notin |
∋ | ∋ | ∋ | ni |
∏ | ∏ | ∏ | prod |
∑ | ∑ | ∑ | sum |
− | − | − | minus |
∗ | ∗ | ∗ | lowast |
√ | √ | √ | square root |
∝ | ∝ | ∝ | proportional to |
∞ | ∞ | ∞ | infinity |
∠ | ∠ | ∠ | angle |
∧ | ∧ | ∧ | and |
∨ | ∨ | ∨ | or |
∩ | ∩ | ∩ | cap |
∪ | ∪ | ∪ | cup |
∫ | ∫ | ∫ | integral |
∴ | ∴ | ∴ | therefore |
∼ | ∼ | ∼ | similar to |
≅ | ≅ | ≅ | congruent to |
≈ | ≈ | ≈ | almost equal |
≠ | ≠ | ≠ | not equal |
≡ | ≡ | ≡ | equivalent |
≤ | ≤ | ≤ | less or equal |
≥ | ≥ | ≥ | greater or equal |
⊂ | ⊂ | ⊂ | subset of |
⊃ | ⊃ | ⊃ | superset of |
⊄ | ⊄ | ⊄ | not subset of |
⊆ | ⊆ | ⊆ | subset or equal |
⊇ | ⊇ | ⊇ | superset or equal |
⊕ | ⊕ | ⊕ | circled plus |
⊗ | ⊗ | ⊗ | cirled times |
⊥ | ⊥ | ⊥ | perpendicular |
⋅ | ⋅ | ⋅ | dot operator |